The article highlights the distinctiveness of European social ethics by beginning with an analysis of how theological ethicists have engaged with “Europe” as both idea and political project. Themes discussed include the role of religion in the public square, pluralism, and the limits of tolerance and intercultural ethics. Also considered are ethical questions arising from Europe’s power as a significant economic bloc, as well as ethical responses to war and other forms of political violence. The article concludes with a comment on method.