Historical imagination can open a powerful door to the world of Mary of Nazareth depicted in the Gospels and relate her to the quest for justice today. Galilee as a geographic region and social location is a marker of Mary’s time and place that serves as shorthand for the scandal of God’s preference for the lowly of the earth. To illuminate the significance of God’s preference, this article traces four areas of Galilee research that impinge on Marian interpretation and underscores resulting theological ramifications.