Research Article

The Catholic Sexual Abuse Crisis as a Theological Crisis: Emerging Issues

The sexual abuse crisis has long-term consequences: not only on the victims and
survivors of abuse, but also on the theological standing and balance of the Catholic
Church throughout the world. Theological rethinking in light of the abuse crisis is
necessary: not only from the lens of those who have suffered, but also from the
lens of the changes caused by this global crisis in the history of the whole Catholic
community. The article examines the consequences of the abuse crisis on different
theological disciplines, with particular attention to the history of the Catholic Church,
liturgy, ecclesiology of reform, and church–state relationships.

Beyond Scandal and Shame? Ecclesiology and the Longing for a Transformed Church

The need for reform of the Catholic Church’s structures features prominently in
discussion of the clerical sexual abuse scandal. Less common has been reflection
on the challenge that the crisis presents to ecclesiology, to considering the church
theologically. This article addresses that challenge. It engages three tasks—facing the
church’s brokenness; understanding the church in terms of grace and human freedom;
and facilitating the participation of all the church’s members—that are necessary for
an ecclesiology able to be both realistic and hopeful in the current circumstances.

Anger, Forgiveness, and Restorative Justice in Light of Clerical Sexual Abuse and Its Cover-up

Catholic tradition provides resources for understanding morally legitimate anger as
ordered to the good of survivors and their wider communities, a way of conceiving
of forgiveness as a caritas-inspired decision to willing what is authentically good for
an offender, including just retributive measures, and support for employing practices
of restorative justice as a means of addressing clerical sexual abuse and its cover-up.

Feminist Theology and the Clergy Sexual Abuse Crisis

The clergy sexual abuse crisis in the Catholic Church is complex. While first and
foremost a terrible violation of victims, it is not only about sex or abuse. It concerns
unchecked, divinely sanctioned patriarchal power and its devastating consequences.
The author reviews the theological issues at stake, including patriarchy, sexuality
and sexual ethics, and sin. She argues that addressing the roots of the crisis calls
for taking seriously the contributions of feminist theologians to the thinking of the
church, especially about establishing relationships of mutuality and equality between
clergy and laity

Eucharistic Sacrifice as Anti-Violent Pedagogy

The Council of Trent teaches that the sacrifice of the Mass is identical to the sacrifice
of Calvary, but with the crucial difference that the Mass is unbloody (nonviolent).
By considering the Last Supper traditions and the theologies of Augustine, Thomas
Aquinas, and Bernard Lonergan, this article constructs an understanding of sacrifice
as a transformative pedagogy. The sacrifice of the Mass allows us to reconfigure even
terrible acts of violence within a nonviolent framework without denying their reality.
This provides a crucial theological resource for responding to the scandal of clergy
abuse.

Towards a Theology of Childhood: Children’s Agency and the Reign of God

This article contributes to a theology of childhood in the context of recent research
in the social sciences on children’s lives and the nature of childhood. The clergy sexual
abuse crisis heightens the need for such a theology. First, the author offers an account
of children’s social agency, with particular attention to cognition and sociality, arguing
that an interpretative approach affords the best account. Second, the argument takes
a christological turn, examining Jesus’s welcoming of children and the statement “it
is to such as these that the kingdom of God belongs” (Mark 10:14), to consider what
can be learnt about Jesus’s appreciation of children’s agency.

The Child at the Center: What Can Theology Say in the Face of the Scandals of Abuse?

Approaching the subjects of child safeguarding and children through a theological
lens, the author shows the devastating scale, impact, and ramifications of the Catholic
Church’s failures in safeguarding children, which become apparent in the current
child abuse scandals, and how this crisis creates an opportunity to bring the child
(back) into the church’s focus. This leads to a focus on core reasons or factors for
the scandals and how these are linked to a lack of attention given to children in the
scientific thought of the church. There exists a lacuna in systematic theology when it
comes to children, but one can find promising theological grounds for exploring and
promoting a more child-centric theology and church culture.

Theology before the Reformation: Renaissance Humanism and Vatican II

Histories of theology move seamlessly from late-medieval Scholasticism to the Reformation and bypass the important theological contribution of Renaissance humanists such as Lorenzo Valla and Erasmus. The article will explain the reasons for this oblivion, provide a sketch of the theological achievements of the humanists, and, most important, show how strikingly that achievement anticipated Vatican II.

Jacques Dupuis and Chalcedon

This article reexamines Jacques Dupuis’s distinction between the action of the
Word as such and the action of the Word incarnate. Against recent critics, I argue
that Dupuis’s Christology is compatible with Chalcedon as interpreted by Leo the
Great. I suggest ways in which this Leonine christological approach needs corrective
amplification, particularly regarding the unity of Christ and the action of Christ in his
risen humanity.

The Nature and Operation of Structural Sin: Additional Insights from Theology and Moral Psychology

Recent work has improved the understanding of social structures in theological
discourse, but ambiguity persists with respect to structures of sin. Here, a revised
definition of structural sin reconnects this concept with its theological roots, adding
clarity to the nature of structural sin and strengthening the moral weight of the
term. Parallels with fMRI research in the field of moral psychology then refine the
existing account of the operation of structural sin. Together, these insights aid in the
identification of structures of sin and improve efforts to combat their influence.

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